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How Film Works

Photomicrographs / SEM Images

1. T-MAX 400 Film, x section

2. T-MAX 400 Film, 10,000X

3. TRI-X Film x section

4. ULTRA MAX 400 xsection

5. VISION3 500T, x section

6. x section of color negative

7. ULTRA-MAX 400 x section

8. VISION3 500T, x section

9. ULTRA MAX 400 emulsion

10. VISION3 500T emulsion

11. ULTRA MAX 400 back

12. VISION3 500T, back side

13. X section VISION Print

Diagrams: Process and Materials

14. B&W film manufacturing

15. Materials in color film

Film Base

16. Base Characteristics

17. Acetate casting machine

18. Cellulose triacetate

19. CTA Dope Holding Tank

20. CTA casting wheel

21. CTA Casting Station

22. CTA Control Display

23. Subbing coater

24. CTA Optical Scanner

25. CTA Winder

26. Acetate Solvent Safety

27. ESTAR Manufacturing

28. PET Pellets

29. PET Control Room

30. ESTAR machine building

31. Screw extruder on wheel

32. ESTAR forming

33. ESTAR off casting wheel

34. Coating ESTAR

35. ESTAR Drafting Cabinets

36. ESTAR web clips

37. ESTAR Tentering

38. ESTAR post-forming

39. Knurling in ESTAR base

40. ESTAR knurling wheels

41. Scanning ESTAR

42. ESTAR Windup Stand

43. Visual inspection station

44. ESTAR Quality Standard

Film Emulsion

45. Gelatin Manufacturing

46. Gelatin physical forms

47. Make and Dispensing

48. HVMD Dispensing

49. Direct Dispersion Process

50. Direct Dispersion Kettle

51. Homogenizer

52. Direct Dispersion Mixer

53. Evaporated Dispersion

54. Evaporated Kettle

55. Blanketed kettles

56. Finished dispersion

57. Chunked dispersion

58. Silver ingots on pallets

59. 1000 ounce silver ingots

60. Silver in the nitric acid

61. Silver nitrate pellets

62. Dry salt hoppers

63. AgX making vessel

64. Silver Nitrate Tote

65. Reactant Jars

66. Addenda Jars

67. Ultra filtration housings

68. Emulsion Finishing Kettle

69. Finishing kegs

70. Finishing Addenda

71. Emulsion Finishing Chill

72. FAM and Batch Melting

73. Bar code label

74. Prepared materials

75. Material Check Station

76. Robotic mixing

77. Robotic melt preparation

78. Belt chiller

79. Robotic handling

80. Continuous liquefier

81. Melt &coating workflow

82. Delivery System Box

83. Delivery-to-Coater Mixer

Film Coating

84. Model of a film coater

85. Multilayer Slide Hopper

86. Waterfall curtain coating

87. Multilayer curtain coating

88. Four slot curtain coater

89. Multilayer curtain coater

90. Multilayer curtain coater

91. Building Coating Machine

92. Coater control room

93. Infra-red view of coater

94. Coater’s display

95. Conveyance system

96. Turning bar

97. Flat bed dryer

98. Air inlets in the dryer fins

99. Robotic casket handling

100. Building 38

Film Finishing

101. Wide roll film caskets

102. Wide roll for export

103. 120-and 220-size film

104. 120-size Work Flow

105. Roll film slitter

106. 120-size Spooler

107. 120 Spooler, close-up

108. Edgeprint contact printer

109. Backing paper

110. Spooler status display

111. 120-size Spooler

112. 135-size Magazine

113. 135-size, first forms

114. 135-size Workflow

115. 135-size forming

116. 135-size Spooler

117. Long Roll Spooler

118. Aerial Film Spooler

119. 4x5 inch Sheet Film

120. 4x5 Sheet Work Flow

121. Variable Width Slitter

122. Rotary knife slitting

123. 4x5-inch Chopper

124. 4x5-inch close-up

125. Sheet Film Chopper

126. Film Notch Cutter

127. Notching Tool

128. Camera Film Workflow

129. MP Film Slitter

130. 35 mm wide slits

131. Film Slitter Knives

132. Slitting MP Film

133 Conventional Perforator

134. Conventional Punch

135. Perforator Pawls

136. MP Camera Film

137. MP print film stacks

138. MP print film label

139. 16 mm Perforator

140. 16 mm punch

141. Super 8 Film Cartridges

142. Super 8 Film Workflow

143. Super 8 spooling

144. Super 8 Assembly Unit

Quality

145. A quality slogan

146. Sensitometer

147. Sensitometric strips

148. Densitometer

149. D vs. Log E Curve

150. Wide Processor

151. Layer inspection

152. Wet Abrasion Test

153. Mushiness Test

154. Electrical Characteristics

155. Curl Testing

156. Flesh tones and colors

157. Kodak Park in 1997

Products

158. Still Films

159. Motion Picture Films

How Film Works

160. The Color Wheel

161. Reproduction of CNF

162. Reproduction in neg-pos

163. Negative formed in CRF

164. Reproduction for CRF

Author and Photographer

165. Bob Shanebrook